On 7-day, and traheoskopiya ezofahoskopa

Sam. No progression was pnevmomediastinuma

mark and mild pneumothorax developed on the right half of a bunch of cells >>. Fecal examination << using qualitative and zinc sulfate flotation

and Baerman technique, it was in the

ease as a result pnevmomediastinuma. These tests were negative

. On 7-day, and traheoskopiya ezofahoskopa

were performed under general anesthesia. There were no violations

displays. To further explore the possibility

astinum and SC emphysema, surveillance and armor-tracheogram

. iodine-containing water-soluble contrast agents were used

and the patient was returned to contrast media

to completely cover the large airways. No tracheal or bronchial

defects were obvious. The search operation was performed on 8-day, because there >> << obvious reasons for pnevmomediastinuma was found, and

SC emphysema worse. Under general anesthesia-

SIA, the patient was placed in the supine position back, and

cervical region was considered first. After selection in May-

Chea, the neck was filled with warm, sterile saline >> << and ventilation with positive pressure was performed

investigate any leakage of air from the trachea.

No defects were found in

in the cervical trachea. Esophageal visual

ally check, and no defects were found. Average

sternotomy was then performed, because no source of air leakage, age

found. Right middle lasix prescritpion lobe lung

probably be emphysema, with blisters on the surface. Thoracic >> << cavity filled with warm, sterile saline and further >> << air leakage. As emphysema of the right middle

astinum and SC emphysema, lobectomy in full >> << right lobe lung average was performed. Regional lymph nodes

biopsy was performed. Lung tissue and lymph nodes

, and histopathological evaluation. Before closing

sternotomy site, chest cavity was filled with warm,

sterile saline and ventilation with positive pressure was on

formed to confirm the absence of air leakage from the lobectomy site. remove the air in the pleural cavity after surgery. next 6 days. A small amount of air and 65 ml tube

myy in the first 24 hours after surgery. Day 7 >> << reduced to 2. 2 ml / kg body weight, which was

amount expected from the presence of the tube. Thoracostomy

tube was removed after 8 days after surgery. No functions

happened. gies [3]. Congestion, mild pulmonary edema, and

mixed cellular, interstitial pneumonia with fibrosis were

revealed. The presence of normal lung parenchy-

small structures on the normal distribution / orientation

these structures, and lack of obvious hypoplastic or

sexual condition. Histopathological evaluation of lymph nodes >> << showed moderate reactive hyperplasia. Bacterial >> << 122 Journal of the American Association of Animal Hospitals March / April 2002, Vol. 38

homogeneous (SC) emphysema. Mediastinum structures such as esophagus

, main branches of the aortic arch and trachea

displays indicating pnevmomediastinuma. Gas in

SC fascial planes indicates SC emphysema. Figure 1 shows pnevmomediastinuma. .

Even in the presence of voltage on

What is osteoporosis? Osteoporosis, which means "porous bone"

is a condition characterized by fragile skeleton and weak brittle bones

, that break easily. Causes of osteoporosis is a combination of genetic,

diet, hormones, age and lifestyle factors. Osteoporosis, which

much more common in women, usually progresses painlessly until a bone fracture occurs >> << that is usually in the hip, spine and wrist. Who is affected? Overall, nearly eight million American women and men 2000000

is osteoporosis. In the UK, it has affected 1 out of 3 women over the age of 60 and

1 2 by 70, and more women die from complications after hip fracture,

than the main female cancers. Women are four times more likely than men to develop osteoporosis >> << the loss of estrogen during menopause. (Estrogen blocks or slows down

loss of bone mass).

More than half of all women over the age of 65 have osteoporosis. Although osteoporosis is often perceived as a disease that only affects >> << elderly, it can strike at any age. Osteoporosis leads to 1. 5000000 fractures, breaks, or, in the year

mostly hip, spine and wrist, and costs $ 14 billion a year. One of the two women aged over 50 will suffer osteoporosis related lasix online no prescription fracture

. What are the risk factors for osteoporosis? With a small thin frame body

Long-term use of glucocorticoids (medications

offered for many diseases, including arthritis, asthma, and lupus)

anti-seizure medications, gonadotropin-releasing hormone for the treatment

endometriosis, aluminum-containing antacids, and certain cancer treatments;

and excessive thyroid hormone

Excessive alcohol consumption and high salt

protein, and caffeine consumption

What is Pregnancy associated osteoporosis? Pregnancy-related osteoporosis is a rare condition >> << that is usually located in the third trimester or postpartum period. This

usually occurs during the first pregnancy is temporary, and

again. Women affected usually complain of back pain is the loss of height

and have fractures of the spine. Researchers do not know if this condition >> << is a result of pregnancy or because pre-existing condition

in a pregnant woman. Factors that may cause this condition, such as genetic factors >> << or steroids studied. Even in the presence of voltage on

calcium of pregnant women food and excretion of calcium increases

frequent urination, other changes during pregnancy, as increases

estrogen and weight gain can actually help bone density. There is much more to learn about how bone density affects women

pregnancy. Will I suffer bone loss during breast feeding? Despite the significant amount of bone can be lost during breastfeeding,

this loss is usually temporary. Studies continually show that

when women have bone loss during lactation, they recover full bone density

, within six months after weaning. How do I know if I have osteoporosis? Family history and measurement of bone mass is part of a complete assessment >>. Often << fractures is the first sign of osteoporosis. Ask

doctor to help you better understand your own risk and realize >> << prevention and treatment. Bone density tests Regular X-rays can identify osteoporosis, while it is not very advanced, but

other radiological methods can. U.S. Food and Drug (FDA)

approved several types of devices to measure bone density. Most require

much less radiation than a chest x-ray. Doctors believe the patient's medical history

and risk factors in deciding who should have bone density tests. Reading in comparison with the standard for patient age, sex and body size

. Different parts of the skeleton may be measured, and low density >> << in any place of concern. Bone density tests are useful to confirm the diagnosis of osteoporosis

, if a person has had a suspicious fracture

or to detect low bone density so that preventive measures can be taken. How can I protect myself on osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is usually preventable. Women should take steps to protect

bone health while they are still children, and through

adolescent and young age. Creating strong bones at a young age >> << reduce the effect of natural bone loss that begins to happen

about 30 years. Eat foods rich in calcium and vitamin D

, such as skim milk, yogurt, cheese, fish with edible bones like salmon and sardines

, and dark green leafy vegetables like cabbage and broccoli

. In weight-bearing exercise, such as

walking, jogging, hiking, playing tennis, and stairs. Exercise

builds bone and muscle strength and helps prevent loss of bone mass and improves

coordination to prevent falls. It also helps older people stay active and

mobile phone. Weight bearing exercises, done regularly, it is better

to prevent osteoporosis. Always consult your doctor before beginning

exercise. If you're postmenopausal, consider estrogen

. Consider using calcium

choice but to discuss supplements with your doctor. Do not smoke. Limit alcoholic beverages. women at different stages of their life? Diet, hormones, drugs, age and genetic factors affect all >> << calcium needed for optimal health of the skeleton. References

change slightly. Based on current guidelines of the National Academy of Sciences

such amount recommended for these different groups

age: >> << recommended daily norm of calcium for women ** Note: The National Institutes

Health Consensus Conference and the National Osteoporosis Foundation maintain calcium intake above 1500 mg per day for postmenopausal women not taking >> << estrogen and adults 65 and older. See: and guidelines based on calcium obtained through diet and through

calcium supplements. Calcium intake to 2000 mg / day is safe >> << to most people. Adequate Vitamin D is required for optimal calcium absorption >>. << Most people get enough vitamin D through sunlight. You

can also get this vitamin from food additives, and grain and

milk fortified with vitamin D. If supplements are needed, not more than

800 international units (IU) mg / day is recommended. As osteoporosis is treated? Changing lifestyles and treatment is part of the program

prevent future fractures. A diet rich in calcium, daily exercise, and

drug therapy treatment. Good posture and prevent falls

play an important role in reducing the likelihood of injury. Drug therapy for guidance FDA, drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis should be referred to save

or increase bone mass and maintain bone tissue in order to reduce the risk of fractures

. The following drugs approved by FDA for treatment

or prevention of osteoporosis:

Estrogen Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), designed to prevent and treat osteoporosis

. It reduces bone loss, increases bone density

in the spine and hip, and reduces the risk of fractures in postmenopausal women >>. Doctors prescribe << ERT in combination with hormone progestins

(called hormone replacement therapy or HRT) to reduce the risk of cancer

endometrium. HRT has proven its effectiveness in reducing menopausal symptoms

and have a beneficial impact on the skeleton >> << and heart. Alendronate (fosamaks ®) This drug belongs to a class of drugs called biophosphonates and approved by the

to prevent and treat osteoporosis.

It is used to treat

bone loss from prolonged use causes osteoporosis medications and >> << is used to treat osteoporosis in men. In postmenopausal women, it showed >> << to be effective at reducing bone loss, increase bone density in the spine and hips

, and reduce the risk of spine and hip fracture. As Alendronate, this drug is also approved and biophosphonate

, to prevent and treat osteoporosis, for bone loss with long-term use

cause osteoporosis medication, and in osteoporosis in men

. It has been shown to slow bone loss, increase bone density and reduce the risk of >> << spine without fractures of the spine. Calcitonin (Miacalcin ®) Calcitonin is a naturally occurring hormone involved in calcium regulation

and bone metabolism. Calcitonin can be administered and taken as a nasal spray. In women who are at least five years after menopause, it slows bone loss

spinal and increases bone density. Women report that also relieves pain

associated with bone fractures. Raloksifen (Evista ®) This drug is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), which has many >> << estrogen-like properties. It is designed to prevent and treat osteoporosis

and may prevent bone loss in the spine, hip and other regions

body. Studies have shown that it can reduce the speed

vertebral fractures by 30-50%. Other treatments being studied. They include new and biophosphonates

SERMs, metabolites of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and sodium fluoride. Risks against the benefits of a woman and her doctor must carefully weigh the risks and benefits

of these treatment options. Source: National Women's Health Information Center

. .